Peru is a country that captures the imagination of travelers from all over the world. From the ancient ruins of Machu Picchu to the deep valleys of the Andes and the vibrant culture of its cities, Peru offers an unforgettable experience. But before you go, it’s important to be prepared. This guide covers the essential things to know before you explore the wonders of Peru.
Understanding the Weather
Peru has different climates depending on the region and the time of year. The dry season, from May to October, is the best time to visit the mountains and archaeological sites like Machu Picchu. During this period, you’ll enjoy clearer skies and better hiking conditions. The wet season, from November to April, brings heavy rain to the highlands, but the coast becomes warmer and sunnier.
If you plan to explore the Amazon Rainforest, expect hot and humid weather year-round, with more rain between December and March.
Altitude Awareness
Many of Peru’s top attractions, such as Cusco, the Sacred Valley, and Lake Titicaca, are located at high altitudes. This can cause altitude sickness, especially if you fly directly from a low-elevation area. Symptoms include headaches, dizziness, nausea, and fatigue. To adjust, take it easy the first few days, stay hydrated, avoid alcohol, and consider drinking coca tea, a local remedy.
Entry Requirements and Travel Documents
Before traveling to Peru, make sure your passport is valid for at least six months from your arrival date. Many nationalities, including citizens of the United States, Canada, the UK, and EU countries, do not need a visa for tourist stays up to 90 days. However, always check current entry requirements with your country’s embassy or Peru’s immigration office.
Local Currency and Payment Tips
Peru’s official currency is the Peruvian Sol (PEN). Cash is widely used, especially in smaller towns and markets. While credit and debit cards are accepted in cities and hotels, always carry some cash for local transportation, small shops, or tipping. It’s a good idea to exchange money at official exchange offices or withdraw from ATMs, which are available in most urban areas.
Language and Communication
Spanish is the official language of Peru, but in many rural areas, people also speak Quechua or other Indigenous languages. In tourist zones, some locals speak English, but learning a few basic Spanish phrases can go a long way in showing respect and helping you get around more easily.
Safety and Health Tips
Peru is generally safe for travelers, but like anywhere, it’s wise to stay alert. In busy areas, such as markets or public transport, keep an eye on your belongings to avoid pickpockets. Don’t carry too much cash, and use hotel safes when available.
Drink bottled or filtered water and avoid raw food from street vendors unless you’re sure it’s clean. If you’re heading into the jungle or the mountains, bring insect repellent and sunscreen.
Cultural Respect and Local Etiquette
Peruvians are friendly and proud of their heritage. Show respect for local traditions and customs, especially when visiting sacred sites. Always ask before taking photos of people, and dress modestly in villages or religious areas. Tipping is appreciated in restaurants and by guides, though it’s not always required.
Transportation Around Peru
Peru is a large country with a variety of transportation options. Domestic flights are the fastest way to travel between major cities and regions. Long-distance buses are affordable and comfortable, especially with reputable companies. In cities, taxis and ride-hailing apps are convenient, but always agree on a price beforehand if using a regular taxi.
Must-See Highlights
No trip to Peru is complete without visiting Machu Picchu, the world-famous Incan city set high in the Andes. Other highlights include Cusco, a historic city blending Inca and Spanish cultures; the colorful Rainbow Mountain; the floating islands of Lake Titicaca; the vast Amazon Jungle; and the mysterious Nazca Lines in the desert.
Final Thoughts
Exploring Peru is a journey through history, nature, and vibrant local life. With the right preparation and an open mind, you’ll find Peru to be one of the most rewarding destinations in South America. Whether you’re hiking ancient trails or tasting Peruvian cuisine, each day brings something new and unforgettable.
